Australia respects the sovereignty of the Solomon Islands but China's aggressive tactics in the Indo-Pacific remain a concern, the defence minister says.
The Solomon Islands on Thursday said it had finalised the details of with Beijing, an agreement Western allies fear will pave the way for the first Chinese military foothold in the South Pacific.
The deal between the Solomon Islands and China could involve the provision of police, security forces and training.
Defence Minister Peter Dutton said it shows China is taking "aggressive" action in the Indo-Pacific.
"We need to be very cautious here because the Chinese are incredibly aggressive, the tactics that they're deploying into small island nations are quite remarkable," Mr Dutton told Sky News on Friday.
"[Australia] should never take peace for granted in our region but everything we're doing is designed to deter aggression and maintain that peace."
Solomon Islands Prime Minister Manasseh Sogavare described the backlash to his country's security negotiations with China as insulting, news agency Reuters reported on Tuesday.
Mr Dutton said Australia respects the sovereignty of the Solomon Islands and what it decides is in its best interests.
But there are many neighbouring countries that have rightly expressed concern about the deal, he said.
"We do respect the [Solomon Islands'] sovereignty ... they are family to [Australia] so we want to work very closely with them, but we need to express an honest view about the circumstances in the Indo-Pacific," he told ABC Radio on Friday.
"Every effort that we're making at the moment is to try and deter any act of aggression, to try and stop China heading down a path where they could deviate from a peaceful course."
The deal
The Solomon Islands' security deal with China has attracted concerns of other nations in the region, including Australia and New Zealand.
"Officials of Solomon Islands and the People's Republic of China have initialled elements of a bilateral Security Cooperation Framework between the two countries today," said a statement from the prime minister's office in Honiara.
It is now awaiting signature by foreign ministers of the two countries.
A draft version of the agreement, leaked last week, detailed measures to allow Chinese security and naval deployments to the crisis-hit Pacific island nation.
It included a proposal that "China may, according to its own needs and with the consent of the Solomon Islands, make ship visits to, carry out logistical replenishment in, and have stopover and transition in Solomon Islands".
It would also allow armed Chinese police to deploy at the Solomon Islands' request, to maintain "social order".
The "forces of China" would also be allowed to protect "the safety of Chinese personnel" and "major projects in the Solomon Islands".
Without the written consent of the other party, neither would be allowed to disclose the missions publicly.
The leaking of the draft sent political shock waves across the region.
The United States and Australia have long been concerned about the potential for China to build a naval base in the South Pacific, allowing its navy to project power far beyond its borders.
Any Chinese military presence would likely force Canberra and Washington to change their military posture in the region.
Australia's Chief of Joint Operations Lieutenant General Greg Bilton said on Thursday that the China-Solomon Islands pact would "change the calculus" of his country's operations in the Pacific.
Mr Sogavare dismissed critics of the deal in a fiery speech on Tuesday, saying there was "no intention whatsoever ... to ask China to build a military base in the Solomon Islands".
He added that it was "very insulting ... to be branded as unfit to manage our sovereign affairs" by other nations.
'Grave security concerns'
Word that the pact had been initialled came just hours after the president of the Federated States of Micronesia made public an impassioned plea to Mr Sogavare to reconsider signing the deal.
President David Panuelo voiced "grave security concerns about this proposed agreement" in a 30 March letter to the leader, citing rising tensions between China and the United States.
"My fear is that we — the Pacific Islands — would be at the epicentre of a future confrontation between these major powers," Mr Panuelo wrote.
In his letter to Mr Sogavare, Mr Panuelo asked the Solomons leader to consider the long-term consequences "for the entire Pacific region, if not the entire world" of signing the security pact.
There are also fears the deal could fuel domestic strife inside the Solomons.
The nation of 800,000 has been wracked by political and social unrest, and many of its people live in poverty.
In November, and went on a deadly three-day rampage, torching much of Honiara's Chinatown.
More than 200 peacekeepers from Australia, Fiji, Papua New Guinea and New Zealand were deployed to restore calm, and Mr Sogavare avoided being deposed.
The unrest was sparked by opposition to Mr Sogavare's rule and fuelled by unemployment and inter-island rivalries.
But anti-China sentiment also played a role.
Leaders on the most populous island of Malaita fiercely oppose Mr Sogavare's decision to recognise Beijing and break ties with Taiwan in 2019.
