Key Points
- Ugandan lawmakers passed the "Anti-Homosexuality Act" after a seven-hour session.
- The bill proposes punishing people who "promote" homosexuality, Amnesty International said.
- The United Nations and the US have spoken out strongly against the bill.
The United Nations and the United States led calls Wednesday for Uganda's President Yoweri Museveni to reject what has been labelled an "appalling" anti-gay bill.
Ugandan politicians approved the Anti-Homosexuality Act late on Tuesday after a chaotic near seven-hour session, ordering harsh penalties for anyone who engages in same-sex activity.
Homosexuality was already illegal in the conservative East African nation and it was not immediately clear what new penalties had been agreed, with reports some offenders could face life in prison or even the death penalty.
The United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Volker Turk. He has spoken out strongly against the bill. Source: AAP / Martial Trezzini /EPA
"The passing of this discriminatory bill - probably among the worst of its kind in the world – is a deeply troubling development," he said in a statement.
"If signed into law by the president, it will render lesbian, gay and bisexual people in Uganda criminals simply for existing, for being who they are. It could provide carte blanche for the systematic violation of nearly all of their human rights and serve to incite people against each other."
Amnesty International also appealed to Mr Museveni to reject the "appalling" legislation, describing it as a "grave assault" on LGBTIQ+ people.
"This ambiguous, vaguely worded law even criminalises those who 'promote' homosexuality," said Amnesty's east and southern Africa director, Tigere Chagutah.
Lawmakers amended significant portions of the original draft legislation with all but one speaking in favour of the bill.
Fox Odoi-Oywelowo, a member of Museveni's National Resistance Movement party and an MP who spoke against the bill, said offenders would face life imprisonment or even the death penalty for "aggravated" offences.
Amnesty said Mr Museveni "must urgently veto this appalling legislation", saying it would "institutionalise discrimination, hatred, and prejudice" against the LGBTIQ+ community.
The discussion about the bill in parliament has been laced with homophobic language and Mr Museveni himself last week referred to gay people as "deviants".
Nevertheless, the 78-year-old veteran leader has consistently signalled he does not view the issue as a priority, and would prefer to maintain good relations with Western donors and investors.
How has the US responded?
US Secretary of State Antony Blinken joined calls for the government to reconsider the legislation, saying on Twitter it would "undermine fundamental human rights of all Ugandans and could reverse gains in the fight against HIV/AIDS".
The United Kingdom's Africa minister Andrew Mitchell said he was "deeply disappointed" with the passage of the bill while Prime Minister Rishi Sunak's special envoy on LGBTIQ+ rights, Nicholas Herbert, warned it risked increasing "discrimination and persecution of people across Uganda".
"While many countries, including a number on the African continent, are moving towards decriminalisation this is a deeply troubling step in the opposite direction," Herbert said on Twitter.
Gay sex is allowed or has been decriminalised in Angola, Botswana, Cape Verde, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Gabon, Ivory Coast, Lesotho, Madagascar, Mali, Rwanda, and the Seychelles.
Are Ugandans in favour of the bill?
Uganda is notorious for its intolerance of homosexuality, and the passage of the bill was welcomed by some.
"We are very happy as citizens of Uganda. Culturally we do not ... accept homosexuality, lesbianism, LGBTQ. We cannot," said one local resident, 54-year-old Abdu Mukasa.
"We were created by God. God created man and woman. And we cannot accept one sex to go on the same sex."
Homosexuality was criminalised in Uganda under colonial-era laws but since independence from Britain in 1962 there has never been a conviction for consensual same-sex activity.
In 2014, Ugandan lawmakers passed a bill that called for life in prison for people caught having gay sex.
A court later struck down the law on a technicality, but it had already sparked international condemnation, with some Western nations freezing or redirecting millions of dollars of government aid in response.
Last week, police said they had arrested six men for "practising homosexuality" in the southern lakeside town of Jinja.
Another six men were arrested on the same charge on Sunday, according to police.
