In the end, Gaele Sobott felt she’d be better off at home than at the evacuation centre.
Gaele, who lives with muscular dystrophy and uses a mobility scooter, was visiting her parents in the New South Wales town of Moruya when a nearby bushfire sparked advice to evacuate last week.
“The whole ordeal was really distressing and horrible," she told SBS News.
Gaele quickly drove to a nearby evacuation centre with her "very fragile" 88-year-old mother Gladys, who lives with dementia. Her father, also 88, stayed behind to protect the house.
Gladys Sobott wearing a mask to protect herself from smoke inhalation. Source: Gaele Sobott
Without the familiar and disability-friendly modifications they had at the house, she and her mother found things “very uncomfortable”, she said.
They tried a nearby retirement village but soon left as Gladys became "very, very distressed”, instead returning to the evacuation centre where Gaele elected to leave her mobility scooter outside in order to make more space for others.
She praised the efforts of the staff and volunteers supporting distressed locals.
“Emergency workers tried their very best and I was so grateful for all they tried to do to accommodate us - after the electricity went off and it became very hot, they came and fanned us down," she said.
But in the end, due to their individual needs, they decided to leave.
People crowded into a makeshift evacuation centre in Moruya. Source: Gaele Sobott
"Eventually I took my mother out of the evacuation centre because it was too distressing. We went home in the middle of the night.”
The NSW Government's Department of Communities and Justice told SBS News the Moruya evacuation centre has been assisting thousands of people since 31 December and evacuees are triaged on arrival so individual needs can be identified.
"The centre provides services to all community members from all backgrounds, including those who live with disability," a spokesperson said.
"The accommodation needs of evacuees who live with a disability is given priority when staff triage clients at the evacuation centre."
For Gayle though, it wasn't enough.
"People were doing the very best they could for us with such limited resources. But that's what makes me angry - that there were limited resources.”
“We were not sure the fire danger was over, but we knew the danger at home would be less than the stress we faced in the evacuation centre."
People with disability 'at real risk'
Gaele is not alone in her experience.
The World Health Organisation and the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs have both noted people with disability are disproportionately at risk and overlooked in times of disaster.
“Fundamentally, the reason they’re more at risk is because often critical information not in a format they can access, understand or use,” said Michelle Villeneuve, associate professor at the University of Sydney's Centre for Disability Research and Policy.
“Just like exclusion from mainstream community activities, people with disabilities have been excluded from the mainstream of emergency management," she said.
“People with effective mobility can adapt to new situations and move quicker than someone with an assistive device or who has challenges with their breathing. That places them at real risk.”
Evacuation procedures can overlook people with disability, Dr Villeneuve said.
Though many Australians have in recent weeks been evacuated onto beaches, people who use mobility aids, for example, would not have been able to do so easily.
Many Australians have also taken to social media over the past few weeks to point out certain bushfire broadcasts, resources and education would not have been accessible to some in the disability community.
“Disabled people can miss a lot of information on the news because even if it's closed-captioned [subtitled] it’s often not clear or easy to follow,” Dr Villeneuve said.
“It is one thing to ask emergency services to make sure all their information is accessible and they know everything about every individual’s disability and their needs, though it’s unrealistic.”
People With Disability Australia CEO Jeff Smith said it is “crucial” emergency communications are accessible while such large scale bushfires are burning.
“Not all the television media has had Auslan interpreters, and in some cases, where they have had interpreters, the media has cropped these people in the desire to get a closer shot of whoever might be talking,” he said.
‘We need a seat at the table’
While Gaele said she has “great confidence in the community to work with disabled people from the bottom up”, her concerns remain over the availability of accessible emergency infrastructure.
“The lack of disabled-focused planning, evacuations and accessibility of information ... needs to be looked at,” she said.
Dr Villeneuve said community health and disability organisations should act as a lever for change.
“Community organisations need to work alongside emergency services - they are the people who have routine interactions with people with a disability on a daily basis.
Australian Department of Defence officers attending a community meeting in Mallacoota on 2 January 2020. Source: Department Of Defence/AAP
"The NSW Government is also a funding partner for a three-year Australian Research Council project which is examining how best to assist people with disabilities in disasters, what their support needs are and how they might help themselves to better prepare for disasters," they said.
Mr Smith said reform “starting from the top of the tree” is needed, with voices from the disability community front and centre.
“People in the community are doing the best they can, but if people with disability are involved in disaster planning and recovery, then that can be built into policies and procedures of how you evacuate.
"We also need to make sure the NDIS can flexibly deal with people in the aftermath of these fires because we haven’t even begun to have that discussion.
“If we have a seat at the table, a lot of these problems can be resolved down the track.”
