The United Nations Human Rights Office has said nearly 70 per cent of the fatalities it has verified in the Gaza war were women and children, condemning what it called a "systematic violation of the fundamental principles of international humanitarian law" as Israel rejects the report's findings.
The UN tally since the start of the war, in which Israel's military is fighting Hamas militants, includes only fatalities it has managed to verify with three sources, and counting continues.
The 8,119 victims verified is a much lower number than the toll of more than 43,000 provided by Palestinian health authorities for the 13-month-old war.
But the UN breakdown of the victims' age and gender backs the Palestinian assertion that women and children represent a large portion of those killed in the war.
"It is essential that there is due reckoning with respect to the allegations of serious violations of international law through credible and impartial judicial bodies," United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights Volker Türk said.
Israel denies report's finding
Israel's diplomatic mission to the UN in Geneva said it categorically rejected the report.
"Once again, OHCHR fails to accurately reflect the realities on the ground, and disregards the extensive role of Hamas and other terrorist organisations in deliberately causing civilian harm in Gaza," it said, referring to the Office of the High Commissioner of Human Rights.
Israel's military, which began its offensive in response to the in which Hamas fighters killed about 1,200 people in southern Israel and seized more than 250 hostages, says it takes care to avoid harming civilians in Gaza.
A family gathers around a fire in front of the rubble of their home, destroyed by airstrikes in November 2023. Source: Getty / Ahmad Hasaballah
Hamas has denied using civilians and civilian infrastructure, including hospitals, as human shields.
Ajith Sunghay, Head of the UN Human Rights Office for the Occupied Palestinian Territory, told reporters at a briefing in Geneva that the fatalities included in the report were verified by three sources such as neighbours, family members, local NGOs, hospital records or UN staff on the ground.
"The numbers are, of course, massive compared to previous years, so we do need time to catch up and verify", he said, adding that he thought the final UN tally was likely to be similar to the Palestinian toll.
Children represent more than 40 per cent of those killed
The youngest victim, whose death was verified by UN monitors, was a one-day-old boy, and the oldest was a 97-year-old woman, the report said.
Overall, those aged 18 or under represented 44 per cent of the victims, with children aged five to nine representing the single biggest age category, followed by those aged 10-14, and then those aged up to and including four.
This broadly reflects the enclave's demographics, which the report said reflected an apparent failure to take precautions to avoid civilian losses.
It showed that in 88 per cent of cases, five or more people were killed in the same attack, pointing to the Israeli military's use of weapons with an effect across a wide area, although it said some fatalities may have been the result of errant projectiles from Palestinian armed groups.
