Police said the troubled singer, who has had numerous brushes with the law, was being transported to a police station to be booked on the assault charge.
The Los Angeles Police Department earlier said that officers from homicide and robbery division, which deals with celebrity cases, headed to Brown's home after the woman called for help at 3:11 am (1011 GMT).
Brown, 27, took to social media to deny any wrongdoing, daring police to get a search warrant to enter his home in a series of videos posted on Instagram.
"When you get the warrant for whatever you need to do, you're going to walk right up in here and you're going to see nothing, you idiots," said a visibly angry Brown.
He voiced support for the Black Lives Matter movement against police brutality, saying: "You're all the worst gang in the world, the police."
The R&B singer, who topped the US singles chart with "Run It!" and "Kiss Kiss," has had years of run-ins with the law.
Most notoriously, he was convicted of beating then girlfriend Rihanna before the 2009 Grammy Awards, forcing the pop singer to miss the music industry's annual gala.
