As a key broker of the Astana peace talks, Russia has much riding on the outcome.
And speaking after negotiations wrapped up, President Vladimir Putin's special envoy for Syria, Alexander Lavrentyev, wasn't mincing words when outlining steps to enforce the shaky ceasefire.
"As well, of course, we will watch over the troops of the Syrian government side. Because, well, there are hot-heads on both sides, the opposition and the regime. That's why they need to be controlled, and those manifestations need to be prevented, which we will do. Russia is interested in this."
In a final communique Russia, Turkey and Iran have agreed to form a three-party mechanism to monitor ceasefire violations in Syria.
With the United Nations set to host a new round of peace talks next month, it's a development welcomed by the UN's Special Representative for Syria, Staffan De Mistura.
"We cannot allow another ceasefire, a third one, to be in a way wasted, because of a lack of a political process. So now is the time for the international community in all its dimensions to come together and support one integrated political negotiating process based also on the help of this remarkable moment that we had today."
But even as the talks ended with some consensus, the violence continued in Syria with government forces clashing with rebels near the capital, Damascus.
The chief Syrian negotiator at Astana, Bashar Ja'afari, was asked if the government's offensive in the area could undermine the talks.
"As long as there are terrorists depriving seven million people in the capital of Damascus from drinking water the army will continue the operations. The issue here is not about who is happy and who is not happy. The issue here is that finally we have a consensual paper called final communique, or final declaration, agreed upon by everybody. This is a result, this is what we should care about."
Not happy is the Syrian Opposition.
It has questioned the role of Iran as a broker and accuses its militia of breaching the ceasefire.
Opposition delegation spokesman, Osama Abu Zaid, thanked Russia and Turkey for trying to make the conference succeed.
"But for this to happen there needs to be actual procedures. The main obstacle for the success of this conference and these negotiations is the continuation of violations by the Assad regime and the threat of forced displacement in many areas of Syria."
Bashar Ja'afari has responded sharply to the rebels' criticism of Iran.
"It is really pitiful to hear that some members of the delegation of the armed terrorist groups who attended the Astana meeting and accepted the terms of the 29th December agreements, it is pitiful that they are criticising one of the three guarantors who facilitated reaching this success."
They're long-held tensions that have been laid bare after two days of sometimes chaotic talks.
And while Moscow has been unable to get the two sides to negotiate face-to-face, some observers say the fact the Astana conference occurred at all is something of a diplomatic triumph.
