Key Points
- Australia and Japan agreed to share more sensitive intelligence and deepen military cooperation.
- Fumio Kishida and Anthony Albanese sign a landmark security pact on their visit to Perth.
Australia and Japan have agreed to share more sensitive intelligence and deepen military cooperation on Saturday, signing a security pact aimed at .
Prime Minister Fumio Kishida and Prime Minister Anthony Albanese signed the accord in Perth, revamping a 15-year-old agreement drafted when terrorism and weapons proliferation were the overriding concerns.
"This landmark declaration sends a strong signal to the region of our strategic alignment", Mr Albanese said, hailing the "Joint Declaration on Security Cooperation".
Without citing China or North Korea by name, Mr Kishida said the agreement was a response to an "increasingly harsh strategic environment".
Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida and Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese walk together to their one-on-one meeting at Frasers Restaurant, in Perth. Source: AAP / Stefan Gosatti
Japan does not have a foreign spy agency equivalent to America's CIA, Britain's MI6, Russia's FSB or Australia's much smaller agency ASIO.
But according to expert Dr Bryce Wakefield, Australia and Japan do have formidable signals and geospatial capabilities - electronic eavesdropping and high-tech satellites that provide invaluable intelligence on adversaries.
What does the security pact mean for Japan?
Dr Wakefield, director of the Australian Institute of International Affairs, said the agreement could also have broader significance, providing a template for Japan to accelerate intelligence ties with countries like Britain.
Some even see the accord as another step toward Japan joining the powerful Five Eyes intelligence-sharing alliance between Australia, Britain, Canada, New Zealand and the United States.
Some even see the accord as another step towards Japan joining the powerful Five Eyes intelligence-sharing alliance between Australia, Britain, Canada, New Zealand and the United States.
It is "an epoch-making event that Japan can share SIGINT with a foreign nation except for the United States," Ken Kotani, an expert in the history Japanese intelligence at Nihon University told AFP.
"This will strengthen the framework of Quad (Australia, India, Japan and the United States) and the first step for Japan's join to the Five Eyes," he added.
Such a suggestion would have been unthinkable a few decades ago. But events in Japan's neighbourhood have forced a rethink of the country's pacifist policies established in the wake of World War II.
In recent years North Korea has repeatedly lobbed missiles over and around Japan, while China has built the world's largest navy, revamped the globe's biggest standing army, and amassed a nuclear and ballistic arsenal right on Japan's doorstep.
Japan accused of leading 'like a sieve'
But hurdles remain for Tokyo's closer security cooperation with allies.
Japan's intelligence sharing with the United States and other allies has been hampered by longstanding concerns about Tokyo's ability to handle sensitive confidential material and transmit it securely.
"To put it bluntly Japan has traditionally leaked like a sieve," said Brad Williams, author of a book on Japanese intelligence policy and a professor at the City University of Hong Kong.
Laws have been introduced to more severely punish intelligence leaks, but for now, Australia will likely be forced to scrub any intelligence it passes to Japan for information gleaned from the Five Eyes network.
Security was the main focus of discussions when Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida met with his Australian counterpart Anthony Albanese in Perth. Source: AAP / AP
Japan is a major buyer of Australian gas and has made a series of big bets on hydrogen energy produced in Australia, as it tries to ease a lack of domestic energy production and dependence on fossil fuels.
"Japan imports 40 per cent of its LNG from Australia. So it's very important for Japan to have a stable relationship with Australia, from the aspect of energy," a Japanese official said ahead of the meeting.
