Abasuma bifashishije ubuhinga ngurukana bumenyi bivye imiriyoni 22 z’amadorare abantu bafise imico n’akaranga bitandukanye baba muri Australia mu mwaka w’2020 nkuko bishikiriza n’ikigo ACCC’s .
Ibi vyerekana yuko ubwo busuma bwiyongereye ku bice 60% ivyo bikaba vyarageramiye ubutunzi ugereranijr n’umwaka w’2019.
Uwungirije umurongozi w’ikigo ACCC Delia Rickard akaba ar’umwe mu barongozi b’amashirahamwe afata iyambere mu kuburizamo ubwo busuma mbere kandi bakaba bashikiriza yuko uyu mwaka mu gihe tugitekewe n’iki kiza COVID-19 ngo benshi bazokwibwa cane mu gihe Australia iri muri guma mu rugo.
Ingaruka COVID-19 igira kur’ubwo busuma
Mu gihe abantu benshi bamara umwanya mu nini bakoresha interineti, bivanye no kwiheba hamwe no kudahura n’abandi bantu amaso muyandi, abasuma bacisha k’ubuhinga ngurukanabumenyi barihuta guhindura umukenyuro kuruwo wese baronse vyoroshe.
Ishirahamwe Scamwatch yaronse raporo zishika 5,400 mu mwaka wa 2020 zose zavuga ku gahombo gatewe na COVID-19 kangana imiriyo 6 z’amadorare.
Amatangazo y’ibinyoma ajanye n’ubuzi ashigwa ku mbuha hwaniro anyoha imiriyoni 2 z’amadorare, mu gihe ubusuma bufatiye ku magara y’abantu bwibonekeje kwongerekana ku rewgo rungana ni 2000 kw’ijana kuva iki kiza gitangura.
Urudandazwa hamwe na COVID-19 nzira yo gushika ku mwirondoro wawe bwite
Online scammers prompt people to click on a link to access their devices. Source: Getty Images/izusek
Umuvuduko urudadanzwa rwagize mu kwimukira ku mbunga ngurukanabumenyi “vyatumye ruronka abaguzi benshi cane barenze mu kiringo ca mezi 18 aheze,” nkuko bishikirizwa na Kynan Albassit akaba ari umuyobozi w’ibikorwa mw’ishirahamwe Australian Institute for Internet Marketing Services.
Guma mu rugo co kimwe n’ingingo zo kurwanya ikiza vyabaye imbarutse yateye abantu gusangiza umwirondoro wabo hamwe n’abikorera utwabo ku rwego rwo hejuru mu gihe baba bariko baragura ibintu ku mbuga ngurukanabumenyi.
“Ingorane n’ishirwa mu ngiro. Uko abadandaza babika imyirondoro nico kintu nyamukuru kandi nico gitanga irembo kur’ibi vy’ubuhinga ngurukanabumenyi,” ivyo vyasiguwe na Albassit.
“Abadandaza bakwiye kwiyubara cane mu gihe bashaka gutangura kwubaka igisengebumenyi (website) canke gukora ubuhinga abantu bakoresha mu kwiyandikisha canke kumenyekanisha yuko binjiye ahantu bakoresheje terefone ngendanwa zabo, ibizwi nka QR code mu congereza eka n’ubundi buhinga butandukanye, kuko umuntu yo kwibaza nti mbe umwirondoro wacu ukingiwe gute? Mbe hoho ni izihe ntambwe bafata ngo bashobore kuwukingira kubw’ineza y’uwugira. Benshi ntibatahura akamaro gutyo bagatihamo guhokeresha inzira ziborohereza kuko atari uburyo buzimbutse”
Mubisanzwe abasuma bakoresha umwirondoro w’urudandaza kugira ngo bashobore bashobore kuronka umwirondoro w’’ikete muravyo (email) yawe gutyo bagatangura ku kurungikira ibiboneka nk’utuganuke watsindiye biugtere gufyonda kuri “link” baba barungikanye ubwo butumwa.
Uwo muyoboro “link” niwo rembo yinjira muri terefone canke rutondanyabumyenyi (computer)
Iyo abasuma bamaze kuronka uburenganzira, muri ico gihe baba bafise uburenganzira bwose ku makuru yose bakeneye muri terefone canke rutondanyabumyenyi (computer) yawe, nk’akarorero umwirondoro wawe wa banki hamwe n’ibindi bikuranga.
The ACCC has recorded a huge spike of complaints about an SMS scam called 'Flubot'. Source: Getty Images/RUSSELLTATEdotCOM
Ingene wovyirinda biroroshe. Ntuzigere ufyonda “link”- warungikiwe n’umuntu utazi.
Ukukugabisha abasuma: uburyo butatu bukoreshwa kubantu bafise imico n’akaranga bitandukanye
“N’ivyigaragaza yuko ubusuma bukorwa biciye ku mbuga ngurukanabumenyi kenshi busatira ababangamiwe co kimwe n’abantu badakoresha ururimi rw’icongereza hamwe n’abasanzwe bafise amikoro make,” nkuko vyashikirijwe na Kynan Albassit.
Delia Rickard we avuga yuko ubwo busuma bwose bwama bwahinduye imikenyuro bivanye n’ibihe.
Icitwa “investment scam” mu congereza
Ni ukuvuga igihe amakominote afise imico n’akaranga bitandukanye ahikiwe n’ivyago vy’ubwo busuma ku rwego rurenze, nkuko ikigo ACCC kibishikiriza.
n’uburyo bwo guhanahana amahera hagati y’abantu aho usanga uwinjiye mbere ahabwa n’uwinjiye hanyuma ukizezwa yuko ari urudandazwa rw’unguka ni ngonga. Urwo “rudandazwa” rw’uburiganya rwonyene rumaze guhomvya benshi cane kandi rukamenyekanishwa cane biciye ku mbuga hwaniro.
Ishirahamwe Scamwatch ryaronse raporo zishika 400 hamwe n’ubusuma Bungana imiriyoni 1.5 z’amadorare yibwe abantu bava mu bihugu bifise imico n’akaranga bitandukanye, ivyo vyashikirijwe na Delia Rickard
“Abigaragaza cane mu bibwe n’abakomoka mu gihugu ca Burmese hamwe na Sri Lankan co kimwe n’abimukira ba vuba.”
Guhanuiza abasanzwe bafise ubumenyi muri vyo gutunganya no kugira inama muvy’amafanga ni ngira kamaro gose imbere yuko wiyumvira gushira amafaranga yawe mdu mugambi runaka. Ikigo ca Google hamwe na Apple vyompi biriko birakora kugira ngo bishobore guhanagura ama “applications” bene ayo ku mbuga zazo.
Intango y’umushinge w’ubusuma.
Ikintu akenshi kibanziriza ubusuma bwinshi ni hamwe n’umuntu aguhamagara utamuzi.
Akagusaba umwirondoro wawe bwite canke akagusaba amafaranga avuga yuko ari umukozi wa reta akomoka nko mu gisata c’imigenderanire n’ayandi makungu canke ikigo kirihisha amatagisi kizwi nka “ATO”, ivyo bikaba vyariyongereye ku bice 250 kw’ijana ugereranije n’umwaka wa 2019-2020.
Hakarirwa cane abantu bava mu bihugu bifise imico n’akaranga bitandukanye kuko abo basuma bakubwira yuko utegerezwa kuriha vyihuta mu ntumbero yo kuraba yuko bagwa kuwusanzwe arindiriye visa canke amakuru runaka ajanye n’amatagisi nk’akarorero.
Ibimenyerewe n’abantu biyoberanya bakiyita indongozi z’abashinwa, aho abo basuma bakoresha iterabwoba ku bantu yuko bazobasubiza mu bihugu baje bakomotsemo canke bagafatwa kubw’amabi bakoze.
Source: Getty Images/SEAN GLADWELL
“Abo basuma bashishikara birara ku rwego rwo hejuru abakoresha ikirimi ca Mandarin muri Australia,” nkuko vyashikirijwe na Delia Rickard.
Ubusuma buciye mu gukundana
Ikigo ACCC cashikirije yuko imiriyoni zirenga 3.8 z’amadorare ari zibwe biciye mu Rukundo rw’ububeshi murizo kominote ziva mu bihugu bikoresha imico n’akaranga bitandukanye, ivyo bitigiri bikaba vyemeza iyongerekana ry’ubwo busuma ibice 101 kw’ijana kuva mu mwaka wa 2019.
Abakundana usanga bahuriye ku mbuga ziyitirira yuko zihuza abakundana akenshi zikoreshwa zihamagarira abantu ngo bazane imitahe yabo mu rudandaza kanaka. Muri Australia abenshi ntibamenyekana. Hirya y’ubundi busuma, ubwo bwirengangiza izindi ntitizi zose, aho usanga igice c’abibwe bari musi y’imyaka 35.
“Flubot”- umusuma bugezweho
Ikigo ACCC kimaze kuronka ibirego vyinshi bijanye n’ubutumwa bugufi, abasuma bita ‘Flubot’.
Ubutumwa bugufi (SMS) burundikwa kuri terefone ngendanwa ikibwira yuko hariho uwaguhamagaye ntagutore, hama muri ubwo butumwa hakabamo umuyoboro ‘link’ uguhamagarira kuronka canke ‘downloading’ ‘application’ (Voicemail7.apk) gutyo ushobore kwumviriza ubwo butumwa. Mu gihe uronse iyo ‘application’ ‘Flubot’ ica ishiramwo ubuhinga abasuma bakoresha kugira bihereze umwirondoro wawe atacamira.
Mu gihe bohabwa uburenganzira, abasuma barashobora kwegeranya umwirondoro wawe bwite harimwo n’uwa banki ubikamo.
“Flubot” n’ubusuma bworoshe kubwirinda. Muri make hanagura ubutumwa bugufi uronse. Ntuzigere ufyonda umuyoboro “link” canke ngo uhamagare uwarungitse ubutumwa.
Flubot scam operates by sending a text message with a link which installs malware on the receiving device. Source: Shamsher Kainth
Ishirahamwe Telstra na Optus bariko barakora kugira ngo bashobore kurwanya ubwo busuma bitwa “Flubot”. Ushobora gusoma vyinshi ku rubuga rwa .
Ubusuma hamwe n’imbuga hwaniro
Ubasuma bugurura za konte haba kuri Facebook hamwe n’izindi mbuga hwaniro hama bakakurungika igisabo c’ubugenzi, gutyo bagaca baja mu mwirondoro wawe bagakuramo amakuru bakeneye.
“Ukaba ufise urubuga rubonwa na bose, uzoba ufise abantu benshi bakwinjirira. Uriko uraha uburenganzira abantu ku mwirondoro wawe,” nkuko bivugwa na Tim, akaba asanzwe ari umunyatugenegene abifitiye ubumenyi kandi afise abamukurikira benshi ku mbuga hwaniro.
Yavuze yuko we n’abagenzi we baramaze kubona iyongerekana riri k’umuvuduko wo hejuru w’ama konte y’ibinyoma muri kino gihe c’ikiza, kubera yuko ukutabonana kw’abantu vyatumye baja ku mbuga hwaniro ngo babashe kuganira.
“Benshi mubakora ubugenegene barashikira. Ubwa mbere ntabwo ntandukanya yuko ashobora kuba ari konte y’ububeshi canke nyayo. Mu bijanye n’utugenegene, akenshi biragoye gutandukana uwuje ari ukuri canke uw’ibinyoma, vyumvikane neza yuko maze gufyonda kuri konte y’ibinyoma ntabimenye”
Uburyo busanzwe bwo kwirinda kugwa muruwo mutego
- Abasuma bashobora kwiyoberanya bakiyita uwari we wese, rero mu gihe uronse ubutumwa bwugufi bw’umuntu utazi, hanagura.
- Suzuma umworondoro w’uwukurungikiye ikete muravyo “email”. Suzuma yuko amazina y’uwurungitse ahwanye n’umwirondoro w’ikete muravyo
- Gabanya cane gukoresha interineti “Wi-Fi” rusangi.
- Ushaka gusuma biciye ku mbuga ngurukanabumenyi, koresha igisengebumenyi (webesite) gifise ugukingira abarukoresha, raba ko ubona akagufuri kuri URL (address bar).
- Rondera abadandaza biciye ku mbuga ngurukanabumenyi hama witegereze ivyo abantu bagiye barabandikako n’uko vyabagendeye.
- Ntuzokwigere utanga umwirondoro wawe bwite ubicishije kuri terefone yaba ari uwa banki canke waho uziganyiriza integakazoza kawe.
- Ntuzokwigere ushaka kwinjira muri rutandanyabumenyi (computer) uri kure yayo.
The ACCC's 'The Little Black Book of Scams' provides information about all the scams. Source: ACCC
Ni agatabo kaboneka ngaha kandi ugashobora no ku kumva mu majwi, Ako gatabo ' Little Black Book of Scams' k'ikigo ACCC ugasangamo bimwe muvyo abasuma bakoresha.
Kaboneka mu ndimi nk' Icarabu, Igishinwa, Iginyekorowasiya, Ikigadi, Ikigiriki, Igihindi, Igitariyano, Ikimasedoniya, Ikiespanyore, Ikivietinami, hamwe n'indimi z'ikinyafurika zitegekanijwe gusigurwamo.
